ApoB
Apolipoprotein B — a count of atherogenic lipoprotein particles, increasingly preferred over LDL-C for cardiovascular risk.
Apolipoprotein B (ApoB) is the structural protein on every atherogenic lipoprotein particle (LDL, VLDL, IDL, Lp(a)) — exactly one ApoB per particle. So serum ApoB is a direct count of atherogenic particles, distinct from LDL-C which measures the cholesterol mass carried by those particles. The two can disagree (small dense LDL particles → low LDL-C, high ApoB; large LDL particles → high LDL-C, low ApoB) and outcome research consistently tracks ApoB more closely than LDL-C. Increasingly the recommended primary lipid risk marker.
- BiomarkerApoB 90 mg/dL
ApoB measures the count of atherogenic lipoprotein particles. An ApoB of 90 mg/dL is above the optimal threshold most cardiology research sets (~80). Why ApoB beats LDL-C and how to interpret your number.
- BiomarkerLp(a) 75 nmol/L
Lipoprotein(a) at 75 nmol/L is above the threshold most cardiology research uses for elevated cardiovascular risk. Lp(a) is largely genetic — what the number means and the current research on it.
- GlossaryGLP-1
Glucagon-like peptide-1, an incretin hormone that regulates glucose and appetite.
- GlossaryGIP
Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide, an incretin hormone with metabolic and adipose effects.
- GlossaryGHRH
Growth hormone-releasing hormone, the hypothalamic peptide that triggers GH release.