HbA1c
Glycated haemoglobin — average blood glucose over the past 8–12 weeks.
HbA1c is the percentage of haemoglobin molecules with a glucose molecule covalently bonded to them. Because the reaction is non-enzymatic and irreversible, and because red blood cells live ~120 days, HbA1c integrates glucose exposure across the past 8–12 weeks. The American Diabetes Association threshold for prediabetes is 5.7%, and for diabetes is 6.5%. HbA1c is the gold-standard chronic glycaemia metric — unaffected by recent meals or activity — but it's slow to respond to intervention (8–12 week lag).
- BiomarkerHOMA-IR 2.5
HOMA-IR is a calculated index from fasting glucose × fasting insulin. A HOMA-IR of 2.5 sits at the threshold most metabolic research uses for early insulin resistance, often years before HbA1c shifts.
- BiomarkerHbA1c 5.7%
HbA1c at 5.7% is the formal threshold the ADA uses to define prediabetes — meaning your average blood glucose has been elevated over the past 2–3 months. What the number means and the research literature on intervention.
- BiomarkerFasting glucose 100
Fasting glucose at 100 mg/dL (5.6 mmol/L) sits exactly at the ADA threshold for impaired fasting glucose. What it indicates, why it precedes HbA1c shifts, and the research-literature interpretation.
- GlossaryCOA (Certificate of Analysis)
Document showing the analytical results — typically purity, mass, and identity — for a specific batch of research peptide.
- ResearchRetatrutide 40 mg pen
Retatrutide is a triple agonist at the GLP-1, GIP, and glucagon receptors. The 40 mg pen is the highest-dose presentation in the Omega Grade catalogue