MTHFR
Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase — enzyme that activates folate; common variants reduce its efficiency.
MTHFR (methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase) is the enzyme that converts 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate to 5-methyltetrahydrofolate (5-MTHF), the active form of folate used in methylation reactions including the conversion of homocysteine back to methionine. Two common polymorphisms — C677T and A1298C — reduce MTHFR enzyme activity. C677T homozygotes (~10% of European-descent populations) have ~30–40% normal MTHFR activity and are associated in the literature with elevated homocysteine, particularly when folate intake is inadequate. The standard clinical workaround is supplementing methylated folate (5-MTHF) directly.
- BiomarkerHomocysteine 12
Homocysteine at 12 µmol/L is above the optimal threshold for cardiovascular and cognitive endpoints. With an MTHFR variant, the conversion of homocysteine to methionine is impaired. The research literature on what this means and how to interpret it.
- Biomarkerhs-CRP 2.5 mg/L
High-sensitivity C-reactive protein at 2.5 mg/L sits in the 'intermediate cardiovascular risk' category most cardiology research uses. What it measures, what drives it, and how to interpret your number.
- GlossaryGLP-1
Glucagon-like peptide-1, an incretin hormone that regulates glucose and appetite.
- GlossaryGIP
Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide, an incretin hormone with metabolic and adipose effects.
- GlossaryGHRH
Growth hormone-releasing hormone, the hypothalamic peptide that triggers GH release.