AMPK
A cellular energy sensor — activated when ATP drops, promotes catabolic / energy-restoring pathways.
AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is the cell's primary energy sensor. It's activated when AMP/ATP ratio rises (cellular energy stress) and triggers catabolic pathways: glucose uptake, fatty-acid oxidation, mitochondrial biogenesis, autophagy. AMPK opposes mTOR — the two together form the central 'starve vs feed' metabolic decision-axis. Pharmacological AMPK activators (metformin, AICAR) and exercise both produce health benefits substantially through AMPK activation. MOTS-c is a research peptide that activates AMPK directly, which is the mechanistic appeal in metabolic-aging research.
- ResearchMOTS-c 40 mg
MOTS-c is a 16-residue peptide encoded in the mitochondrial 12S rRNA region. Described by the Cohen lab in 2015 — studied in metabolic and exercise bi
- ResearchNAD⁺ 500 mg kit
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide — the coenzyme central to cellular electron-transfer, sirtuin signalling, and redox biology.
- ResearchNAD⁺ 1000 mg pen
High-dose pen format NAD⁺ — double the 500 mg vial kit, in a pre-filled pen device.
- GlossaryGLP-1
Glucagon-like peptide-1, an incretin hormone that regulates glucose and appetite.
- GlossaryGIP
Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide, an incretin hormone with metabolic and adipose effects.